What is the basis for the design of springs derived from?
1、 What is the basis for the design of springs derived from?
(1) What is the basis for the design of springs derived from? At present, spring design mainly adopts widely used spring stress (stress is not force, but a type of pressure) and deformation calculation formulas derived from material mechanics, without certain practical experience. It is difficult to design and manufacture high-precision springs. With the increase of design stress, many previous experiences are no longer applicable. For example, when the design stress of a spring increases, the helix angle increases, causing the fatigue source of the spring to transfer from the inner side to the outer side. Therefore, it is necessary to use precision analysis techniques. The currently widely used method is the finite element method.
(2) The characteristic of automotive suspension springs is that, in addition to having sufficient fatigue life, their deformation should be small, that is, their anti relaxation performance should be within the specified range, otherwise the center of gravity of the vehicle body will shift. At the same time, the impact of environmental corrosion on its fatigue life should also be considered. With the extension of vehicle maintenance cycles, higher requirements have been put forward for the deformation and fatigue life of vehicles. Therefore, high-precision design methods must be adopted. The finite element method can predict in detail the influence of spring stress on fatigue life and deformation, and accurately reflect the relationship between material and spring fatigue life and deformation.
(3) In recent years, the finite element design method for springs has entered the practical stage, and there are many practical reports on the influence of helix angle on spring stress, the relationship between finite element calculation stress and fatigue life, and other aspects of the design process. The spring has a simple structure and simple function, saving parameters that affect the structure and performance. For this purpose, designers adopted analytical, graphical, or graphic analysis methods to seek design solutions early on and achieved certain results. With the development of computing technology, the optimization design of nonlinear programming using computers has achieved good results.
(4) Reliability design is a series of analytical and design techniques adopted to ensure the reliability of designed products. Its task is to achieve the specified reliability target value of the designed product based on predicting and preventing possible product failures. It is a supplement and improvement to traditional design methods. Spring design has made some progress in the application of reliability technology, but further improvement requires the development and accumulation of data.
(5) With the development of spring application technology, many new problems require designers to pay attention to and solve. For example, the effects of materials, high pressure, and shot peening on fatigue and relaxation performance are difficult to accurately calculate in design; Dependent on experimental data; According to the current design formula, the spring stiffness value is less than the design stiffness value. Therefore, in order to meet the design requirements, it is necessary to reduce the effective number of turns.
